| "Society for Creative Anachronism" | | | | pedophilia with the knowledge and approval of |
| | | | the SCA is unclear. However, despite his |
| Jovial jousters or dragons in dungeons? | | | | conviction, the SCA failed to implement |
| | | | child-protection policies which were almost |
| Peter Webb | | | | universally enforced in similar organisations |
| | | | all over the world. |
| The "Society for Creative Anachronism" (SCA) | | | | |
| is generally believed to have originated in a | | | | The next major bombshell for the SCA came |
| backyard graduation celebration for author | | | | with the 2004 conviction of Benjamin |
| and medieval studies graduate, Diana Paxson, | | | | Schragger on two counts of involuntary |
| in Berkeley, California on May 1, 1966. | | | | deviate sexual intercourse, two counts of |
| | | | rape of a child, one count of indecent |
| The party must have been quite a spectacle as | | | | assault and six counts of corruption of |
| it developed into a "Grand Tournament" with | | | | minors. |
| combatants, wearing motorcycle helmets and | | | | |
| fencing masks, thumping each other with | | | | Schragger was known as "Lord Ben the Steward" |
| plywood swords and padded maces then spilling | | | | to the dozens of children he "mentored" over |
| onto Telegraph Avenue for a march styled as a | | | | the years as the local youth leader of the |
| "protest against the 20th century". | | | | SCA. Schragger led the local chapter for more |
| | | | than 10 years and also directed the youth |
| "SCA time", still employed today, dates from | | | | program for the society's East Kingdom, which |
| that party and comprises the letters "AS" | | | | stretches from Canada to Delaware. Schragger |
| (Anno Societatis, "In the year of the | | | | co-authored the SCA document, "Your teenager |
| Society") followed by Roman numerals so that | | | | and the SCA - some answers for parents", |
| 1 May 1966 to 30 April 1967 was (and is) | | | | which is still freely available on the SCA |
| known as ASI, while 2007 is known as ASXLI | | | | website. On weekends, children gathered at |
| (41). | | | | Schragger's parents' farmhouse (known as "The |
| | | | Manor" or "Tulgey Woods", in New Tripoli, |
| The name, "Society of Creative Anachronism", | | | | about 60 miles northwest of Philadelphia, to |
| is attributed to co- founder, Marion Zimmer | | | | sew period dresses, make chain mail armour, |
| Bradley, a science fiction writer best known | | | | engage in mock battles and other activities |
| for her fantasy novel, "The Mists of Avalon". | | | | related to the period. |
| | | | |
| The behaviour at Paxson's party was clearly | | | | The offences, involving children aged from 7 |
| "anachronistic" but it is the use of the word | | | | to 14, occurred between June 1999 and August |
| "creative" which sets the SCA apart from | | | | 2003. Much of the abuse happened during |
| other groups whose attempts to "re-enact" | | | | sleepovers while Schragger's parents were |
| medieval life are measured by their efforts | | | | away. Schragger was sentenced to 62.5 years |
| to maintain a degree of "authenticity". | | | | imprisonment with a non-parole period of 30 |
| | | | years. The SCA formally "banished" him but |
| From its earliest days, the SCA made no | | | | the question of his ongoing membership is |
| secret of its desire to recreate the Middle | | | | still unclear. Earlier this year, six of |
| Ages "as they should have been" (according to | | | | Schragger's victims, four boys and two girls |
| the SCA!). | | | | brought proceedings against the SCA in the |
| | | | United States District Court for the Eastern |
| It is the initial and ongoing association | | | | District of Pennsylvania. The victims allege |
| between the SCA's version of the Middle Ages | | | | that the SCA was negligent in its failure to |
| and the realms of fantasy and science fiction | | | | implement child-protection policies which may |
| which have attracted both members and | | | | have prevented the abuse. |
| criticism. | | | | |
| | | | Breen's open espousal of pedophilia and his |
| Clearly, many shared Paxson and Co's desire | | | | subsequent conviction was cited as an example |
| to escape from the drudgery of the "Mundane | | | | of the SCA's "head in the sand" attitude to |
| World, as the SCA terms daily life in the | | | | child abuse within its ranks. |
| 20th and 21st centuries AD. | | | | |
| | | | The SCA's refusal to modify the wording of |
| By the end of 1969, SCA membership had | | | | its advice to parents of teenage participants |
| expanded rapidly, both numerically and | | | | must make it vulnerable in such an action. In |
| geographically, to the extent that the first | | | | answer to the "question", "With so many |
| three "Kingdoms" were established in the USA: | | | | adults around, will my teen be exposed to |
| West, East and Middle. | | | | sexual situations or be tempted to engage in |
| | | | sex?", "Lord Ben" replies, "Flirting, |
| By 2006, the SCA claimed some 30,000 members | | | | romance, flattery, and light physical contact |
| in 17 "Kingdoms" world wide, including the | | | | (hand-kissing, hugging, neck massages) are |
| "Kingdom of Lochac" (Australia, New Zealand | | | | the norm in the SCA in some areas. |
| and parts of Antarctica) which was founded in | | | | Generally, such activity does not proceed |
| 2002. | | | | beyond this point, and does not betoken |
| | | | anything more than friendship. However, it |
| The SCA's current headquarters is in | | | | sometimes happens that a person, especially a |
| Milpitas, California where a Board of | | | | young one, is taken in by all the flattery |
| Directors (known as "BoD" in the SCA) | | | | and courtliness and misinterprets gentle |
| dictates policy for the rest of the "Knowne | | | | flirting as genuine interest and develops |
| World". | | | | crushes, or conversely, as pressure to engage |
| | | | in sex. If your teen is confused about such |
| Despite my background in research (historical | | | | feelings, or is not sure what constitutes |
| in particular), I have found the structure of | | | | proper behavior, he or she should discuss |
| the SCA mind-bogglingly complex, | | | | these issues with you. A (separate) talk with |
| necessitating an almost obsessional effort on | | | | another adult in the group may help to guide |
| my part to form a picture of the organisation | | | | your teen through these situations. Second, |
| behind its most public manifestation - | | | | most of us are adults. If your teen looks |
| jousting knights and delightful damsels | | | | like a grownup, he or she will probably be |
| performing a variety of pseudo-medieval feats | | | | treated as one and could become the object of |
| at "Medieval Fairs" in schools and | | | | someone's amorous advances. Therefore, it may |
| communities across the country. | | | | be necessary for your teen to let others know |
| | | | that he or she is underage." |
| For an overview of the world wide | | | | |
| organisation, the best place to start is to | | | | This "advice" constitutes the most arrogant |
| enter "Society for Creative Anachronism" on | | | | abrogation of responsibility I have |
| your chosen search engine. You will readily | | | | encountered in any organisation involving |
| find the SCA website and, like me, you will | | | | children in its activities. As a parent, I |
| probably be staggered at the number of links | | | | would find no comfort whatsoever in the SCA's |
| found under that heading. | | | | blatant attempt to shift the onus of |
| | | | responsibility in such situations of risk |
| For an overview of the SCA's presence in | | | | onto chidren and their parents. |
| Australia, start with "Kingdom of Lochac" and | | | | |
| follow the links to your local "Barony". | | | | One could only pray that such teenagers did |
| | | | not pick "Lord Ben" or one of his ilk for the |
| For me, the local "Barony" is the "Barony of | | | | suggested "separate" talk. |
| Innilgard". | | | | |
| | | | Why am I opposed to the "Society for Creative |
| Depending on interest and time available, you | | | | Anachronism"? |
| should be able to gain some picture of the | | | | |
| nature and extent of this organisation both | | | | My view of the world is not so simplistic as |
| world-wide and in Australia. | | | | to suggest that the SCA is full of Breens and |
| | | | Schraggers but I find it totally unacceptable |
| If you think anything like me, by this stage | | | | that, in the light of serious attempts by |
| you will be starting to wonder if this | | | | organisations as diverse as the Catholic |
| organisation is just a group of fun-loving | | | | Church and the Boy Scouts to redress the |
| pseudo-medievalists or a massive, secretive | | | | wrongs of the past and make sincere and |
| cult full of aliases (called "personae" in | | | | genuine efforts to prevent the atrocity of |
| the SCA), swearing "fealty" to burlesque | | | | child abuse in the future, that an |
| caricatures of "royalty" with names like | | | | organisation like the SCA has the audacity to |
| "King Hugh the Little" (current "King of | | | | publish the kinds of attitudes proferred to |
| Lochac") and deciding its leadership | | | | prospective parents of teenage participants |
| positions by "right of arms" (full combat). | | | | which are so clearly out of touch with the |
| | | | social norms of civilised countries. |
| If you run across the SCA at a local | | | | |
| "Medieval Fair" (and, as in the USA, scarcely | | | | Why am I opposed to the involvement of the |
| a week goes by without one somewhere in | | | | SCA in Australian schools? |
| Australia), you may derive some comfort from | | | | |
| the presence of gentile "ladies" and the | | | | I say that the SCA's stated philosophy is at |
| demonstration of various "medieval" arts and | | | | odds with the commitment to child protection |
| crafts. | | | | and anti-harassment policies in Australian |
| | | | schools, both public and independent. |
| Such a seemingly innocuous scene masks the | | | | |
| fact that SCA Headquarters has decreed that | | | | I say, further, that any invitation issued to |
| all members must engage in full combat, | | | | the SCA to participate in schools' "Medieval |
| irrespective of their usual pursuits at SCA | | | | Fairs" or any other aspect of the curriculum |
| events. The "Kingdom of Lochac" has been | | | | could too easily be construed as promoting or |
| given until August 2008 to provide the | | | | condoning such an "anachronistic" philosophy |
| training to comply with the decree or to weed | | | | as that espoused by the SCA. |
| out any member who may wish to object to | | | | |
| being forced to engage in full combat. | | | | I question the relevance of the SCA's brand |
| | | | of "recreational medievalism" in the |
| This apparent contradiction between what the | | | | curriculum of the 21st Century Australian |
| SCA purports to be - "a group dedicated to | | | | school. In a curriculum of finite duration |
| researching and recreating the Middle Ages in | | | | which has, over the years, been subjected to |
| the present" - and what it actually | | | | an infinite number of demands for extra |
| represents is not the only image problem | | | | inclusions ranging from work education to |
| confronting the organisation in the "Mundane | | | | AIDS prevention, each addition must |
| World". | | | | inevitably lead to a concomitant subtraction. |
| | | | |
| Along with Paxson and Bradley, one of the | | | | The fad for "recreational medievalism" has |
| co-founders was one Walter Breen, a well | | | | been embraced by many schools on the spurious |
| known coin collector and author of, "Walter | | | | grounds that students will be inspired by |
| Breen's Complete Encyclopedia of US and | | | | such "history" and, thereby, encouraged to |
| Colonial Coins". | | | | pursue other history (even our own) "down the |
| | | | track". |
| Breen also had a somewhat less publishable | | | | |
| passion - for young boys. | | | | The sad fact, however, is that the study of |
| | | | Australian history, particularly indigenous |
| In the 1950's, he was arrested for "lewd | | | | history, has fallen into a sad state of |
| behaviour" after exposing himself to young | | | | neglect across the curriculum, partly, though |
| boys in Atlanta City. | | | | not entirely due to the notion that "fun's |
| | | | the thing". |
| Despite this incident, Breen continued his | | | | |
| extensive research into homosexuality and | | | | Who says that Australian history, |
| pederasty and, in 1964, published the book, | | | | well-taught, cannot be "fun"? |
| "Greek Love" under the pseudonym "J.Z. | | | | |
| Eglinton". | | | | If "recreational re-enactment" really is the |
| | | | go, why not engage in "recreational |
| In the same year, he married fellow author, | | | | Australianism"? |
| Marion Zimmer Bradley. | | | | |
| | | | Finally, the SCA's portrayal of the past is |
| Two years later, the couple were instrumental | | | | "bad history". |
| in the foundation of the "Society for | | | | |
| Creative Anachronism", the same year in which | | | | Lack of serious research has led to a |
| Breen was awarded his Masters Degree from | | | | plethora of ludicrous misrepresentations of |
| Berkeley. He was remembered as something of | | | | the Middle Ages in SCA "literature". The |
| an eccentric who wore his "Phi Beta Kappa" | | | | SCA's approach is as "anachronistic" in |
| key as a zipper pull on the fly of his | | | | relation to the Middle Ages as it is in |
| pants. | | | | relation to the present. |
| | | | |
| Breen and Bradley had two children and | | | | The jousting "gentles" and their "ladies" |
| separated in 1979. | | | | were representative of, at best, 10% of the |
| | | | medieval populace. Poverty, malnutrition and |
| In 1990, Breen was arrested on child | | | | oppression were the norm for the other 90%. |
| molestation charges and given a suspended | | | | |
| sentence with three years probation. | | | | The SCA's cartography of the "Knowne World" |
| | | | in 1400 is about as accurate as the belief |
| In 1991, he was charged with a further eight | | | | among Christopher Columbus' peers that, when |
| counts of child molestation and sentenced to | | | | he sailed West in 1492, he would fall off the |
| ten years imprisonment. | | | | edge of a flat world. |
| | | | |
| Breen ultimately died of liver cancer in | | | | Cook, Flinders and Co needn't have bothered - |
| 1993. | | | | the "Kingdom of Lochac" was already well |
| | | | mapped three or four centuries before they |
| The extent to which Breen had pursued his | | | | set sail! |