| Traditionally, ethnic minority groups often face serious | | | | ameliorate it. It should be said that the development of |
| problems and Vietnamese Americans are not an | | | | re-education camps was supposed to contribute to |
| exception. Probably the most serious problems they | | | | the faster integration of Vietnamese arriving from |
| faced and are still facing in education that actually | | | | Vietnam to the new life in the US. however, this |
| reflects all other problems this ethnic group suffers | | | | measure seems to be not very efficient because it |
| from in the US. | | | | merely helped Vietnamese people feel the real life |
| Problems and difficulties Vietnamese Americans faced | | | | within American community. Obviously, the closer |
| in the past | | | | integration of Vietnamese and local communities was |
| First of all, it should be said that ethnic minorities | | | | needed. |
| traditionally were in a disadvantageous position | | | | At the same time, the development of strategy of |
| compared to the dominant ethnic groups. The US is | | | | ethnic tolerance was obviously extremely important |
| not an exception, though a lot of efforts were made | | | | and the general anti-segregation policy aiming at the |
| to change the situation for better and make American | | | | integration of representatives of different ethnic groups |
| society more tolerant and provide all ethnic groups with | | | | in the education process. However, this strategy is not |
| really equal opportunities. Nonetheless, the position of | | | | really fulfilled because, as a rule, the representatives of |
| Vietnamese Americans was quite difficult, especially in | | | | ethnic minorities constituted the overwhelming majority |
| the past. | | | | in schools, especially in the inner city . |
| It should be pointed out that the mass immigration from | | | | At the same time, it is obvious that the major |
| Vietnam to the US was marked by quite a negative | | | | strategies, which really aim at the improvement of the |
| attitude to Vietnamese arriving to the US because of | | | | position of Vietnamese Americans, should be focused |
| the Vietnamese war which took lives of many | | | | on the improvement of their socio-economic position. |
| Americans. At the same time, Vietnamese arriving in | | | | However, there is a kind of vicious circle that is |
| the US were really strangers for the local community | | | | extremely difficult to break. To put it more precisely, |
| because they had different culture, language, traditions, | | | | the better social position can be gained due to the |
| mentality. Moreover, the negative past experience of | | | | better education while the better education often turns |
| extremely complicated relations between the US and | | | | to be inaccessible for the families of Vietnamese |
| Vietnam did not contribute to the easier integration of | | | | Americans because of their poverty. This is why, it is |
| American Vietnamese. | | | | necessary to keep developing educational and social |
| Speaking about their problems, including those related | | | | programs that would help Vietnamese Americans to |
| to the sphere of education, it should be said that one | | | | receive higher education that could open new |
| of the major problems was the language. For instance, | | | | opportunities for them and substantially improve their |
| in 1990 Vietnamese children lived in families where the | | | | life. |
| heads of the households basically had poor English | | | | Current issues related to Vietnamese Americans in |
| proficiency . This was particularly widely spread within | | | | education |
| the families of the first generation of Vietnamese | | | | Nowadays, the situation is obviously better than it used |
| Americans, i.e. families that just arrived in the US and | | | | to be even a decade ago. For instance, there are |
| their children were born in the new country or arrived | | | | practically no serious language problems and |
| at an early age. | | | | Vietnamese American children are practically in the |
| Obviously, it was quite difficult for these children to get | | | | equal position compared to other ethnic groups. |
| integrated into American life and achieve positive | | | | Nonetheless, there are still serious problems that are |
| results in the education, i.e. have academic because | | | | really important. |
| they lack the knowledge of English which was the | | | | It should be said that socio-economic position of |
| basic language used in schools. In fact, the proficiency | | | | Vietnamese Americans did not improved significantly |
| in English was and actually remains one of the basic | | | | and often higher education is still hardly accessible to |
| conditions of successful learning because even though | | | | this category of students. Though it is worthy of |
| children may have equal academic abilities they can be | | | | mention that gradually this ethnic group progresses and |
| less successful in learning because of language | | | | their socio-economic position starts to improve but |
| problems. | | | | quite slowly. |
| Not surprisingly, that Vietnamese Americans were less | | | | Furthermore, nowadays, Vietnamese American |
| likely to have a college education or a professional | | | | students have to deal with the problem of bicultural |
| education than whites . In this respect, it is worthy of | | | | conflicts between home and schools. It should be said |
| mention that poor English proficiency was not the only | | | | that to a significant extent this conflicts are provoked |
| reason. In fact, one of the most important factors that | | | | by the generation gaps between children that grew up |
| prevented Vietnamese Americans from receiving | | | | in American reality and their parents and even |
| higher education was their socio-economic position. It is | | | | grandparents who still keep their traditions, perfectly |
| not a secret that the vast majority of Vietnamese | | | | remember their native country, and have not managed |
| immigrants were poor and belonged to lower classes. | | | | to change their mentality and get accustomed to the |
| Naturally, they could not afford educating their children | | | | new lifestyle. |
| similarly to the upper classes of American society. This | | | | Basically, it is possible to single out four main bicultural |
| is why many Vietnamese Americans were simply | | | | problems Vietnamese Americans currently face . |
| deprived of real opportunities to receive good | | | | Firstly, parent and children tend to disagree on the |
| education because of their poverty. Moreover, their | | | | nature and extent of parental authority. Secondly, |
| poor social status also contributed to the negative | | | | many of the means of enforcing parental authority that |
| attitude to Vietnamese Americans from the part of | | | | were common in Vietnam are unacceptable in the US. |
| other students and lower self esteem of children | | | | Thirdly, parents and children have different |
| representing this ethnic group compared to white and | | | | perspectives on what aspects of American culture |
| black Americans. | | | | are desirable. And, finally, the role reversal of parents |
| Finally, they Vietnamese Americans faced a very | | | | and children that frequently occurs in immigrant families |
| serious problem of racism that was really disturbing. | | | | is contrary to the cultural expectations of Vietnamese |
| For instance, in 1992, University of Miami pre-med | | | | parents about their own roles. |
| Vietnamese American student Luyen Phan Nguyen, 19, | | | | Conclusion |
| was chased and beaten to death outside a Coral | | | | Thus, taking into account all above mentioned, it is |
| Springs, Florida, college party by the mob of about 15 | | | | possible to conclude that Vietnamese Americans |
| young white men who used their fists, feet and beer | | | | faced a number of problems in education. Nowadays, |
| bottles. Actually, he was slaughtered only because he | | | | some of them are solved but there are still a lot of |
| had protested an insulting reference to his Vietnamese | | | | difficulties they have to overcome and basically they |
| origin earlier at the party. What is even more shocking | | | | are related to the low economic position of their |
| is the fact that the party crowd ignored the murder . | | | | families and to their cultural background and |
| The strategies used to ameliorate the situation | | | | contradictions between traditional Vietnamese and |
| Naturally, the situation could not remain unchanged. This | | | | American cultures that provoke bicultural conflicts |
| is why certain steps were undertaken in order to | | | | within Vietnamese Americans families. |